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Thermodynamic Computing Hardware for p-Bits, Ising Models and Oscillators

Commercial thermodynamic chips such as the Extropic Z1 are not sold to the public yet. The mathematics they run is already open. A p-bit is a binary unit that flips at random, with a bias set by its inputs. A lattice of p-bits updated in colour blocks is a Gibbs sampler for an Ising model. All of it can be built today on hobby boards.

This page lists hardware for that work, in three groups.

What this page isA guide. The Consciousness AI does not sell these items, and every link goes to the maker, its official store, or Amazon.

What this project runs on themNothing yet. The project's thermodynamic code is a software emulation on CPU and GPU, and the repository holds no driver for any board on this page. The hub page states what has and has not been measured.

Affiliate linksThe "Buy on amazon.com" buttons are affiliate links. A purchase through them earns the project a commission, at no extra cost to you, and the commission pays for compute and research time. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Maker links are plain links.

FPGA boards for p-bits and Ising lattices

An FPGA holds every p-bit as its own small circuit, so all the p-bits of one colour update in the same clock cycle. That parallel update is the step a CPU runs one spin at a time. The Ising view of the Thermodynamic Console shows the same chromatic block Gibbs scheme in the browser.

FPGA Check stock

Sipeed Tang Nano 9K

Sipeed

Gowin GW1NR-9 FPGA, 8,640 LUT4

Large enough for a small Ising lattice updated by chromatic block Gibbs sampling, the scheme in the Ising view of the console.

Open toolchain support exists for Gowin parts. No gateware from this project runs on it yet.

Checked 28 October 2026 · the amazon.com button is an affiliate link

FPGA Check stock

Sipeed Tang Nano 20K

Sipeed

Gowin GW2AR-18 FPGA, 20,736 LUT4

About twice the logic of the 9K, room for a larger lattice or for many p-bits with their own random sources.

No gateware from this project runs on it yet.

Checked 28 October 2026 · the amazon.com button is an affiliate link

FPGA Out of stock

iCEBreaker FPGA

1BitSquared

Lattice iCE40 FPGA, open hardware, fully open-source toolchain (Yosys, nextpnr)

A common teaching board for open FPGA tools. A good first board for p-bit and Ising designs written from scratch.

Listed as out of stock on the checked date.

Checked 28 October 2026

FPGA Check stock

Alchitry Au FPGA Kit

Alchitry, sold by SparkFun

AMD Artix-7 FPGA, with Io and Br add-on boards

Much more logic than the Gowin and iCE40 boards. Room for a lattice of hundreds of p-bits.

Needs the vendor toolchain for Artix-7, which is free but not open source.

Checked 28 October 2026

True random number generators as a noise source

A p-bit needs a fresh random number at every update. The project’s emulator draws it from a software generator. The devices below draw it from physical noise instead, either the thermal noise of resistors or avalanche noise in a diode, and send it to the computer over USB.

Noise source Pre-order

Infinite Noise TRNG

13-37, sold by Crowd Supply

USB true random number generator, OSHWA certified (DE000006)

Its entropy comes from the thermal noise of resistors, the same physical source a room-temperature p-bit uses. It is a physical stand-in for the software random numbers in the project's p-bit emulator.

Pre-order on the checked date, with shipping stated for January 2027.

Checked 28 October 2026

Noise source In stock

OneRNG

Moonbase Otago

USB true random number generator, OSHWA certified (NZ000001)

Uses avalanche noise in a diode as its physical randomness. Open hardware and open firmware, so the noise path can be read end to end.

Sold through the maker's own shop, linked from this page.

Checked 28 October 2026

Noise source Check stock

TrueRNG v3

ubld.it

USB hardware random number generator, avalanche noise in a semiconductor junction

A plug-in source of physical randomness that shows up as a serial device on the computer.

Not open hardware.

Checked 28 October 2026 · the amazon.com button is an affiliate link

Analog computers for relaxation and oscillators

An analog computer does not step through time. Its voltages settle by themselves, which is the continuous relaxation that the descent view of the console steps through on a clock. The Kuramoto view of the same console shows coupled oscillators locking in phase as the coupling rises.

Analog Made in batches

THE ANALOG THING

anabrid

Portable open-source analog computer with integrators, multipliers and patch cables

Solves differential equations by continuous electrical relaxation. Gradient flow on a free energy, as in the console's descent view, and coupled oscillators can both be patched on it.

Made in batches, so delivery can take weeks to months.

EUR 499 (EUR 450 academic) View at the-analog-thing.org

Checked 28 October 2026

How the list is kept

Each entry was checked on its vendor page on the date shown on its card. Prices and stock change, so the vendor page is the authority. Boards are added when they are open, sold to the public, and able to run one of the three schemes above. A suggestion for the list can be opened as an issue on the project repository.

Photos are used under open licences. Cards without a photo show a drawing of the device type.
  • Sipeed Tang Nano 9K, by Popolon, Wikimedia Commons, CC0
  • Infinite Noise TRNG, by 13-37 / leetronics, infnoise repository (cropped), CC0
  • THE ANALOG THING, by Jwdietrich2, Wikimedia Commons (resized), CC BY 4.0