Shamil Chandaria

Shamil Chandaria is a researcher at the Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and the University College London, working on the application of the free energy principle and active inference to contemplative neuroscience. His work uses the mathematics of belief updating and precision weighting to model states of meditation, psychedelic experience, and minimal phenomenal experience.

In 2026 he co-authored “The Complex Brain Hypothesis” (arXiv:2605.16146) with Jonas Mago, Edmundo Lopez-Sola, Jakub Vohryzek, Michael Lifshitz, Robin Carhart-Harris, and Karl Friston. The paper resolves a conundrum in the entropic brain hypothesis by proposing that the richness of experience is better indexed by complexity than by entropy, with minimal phenomenal experiences and high-content psychedelic experiences representing two different grains of inference.

Chandaria’s framework is actively predictive, modeling conscious experience as a function of the precision and grain with which the brain resolves uncertainty, which connects directly to the predictive processing tradition this site tracks.

Known for. Free energy principle and active inference, meditation neuroscience, the Complex Brain Hypothesis, precision and the grain of inference

Coverage on this site

• The Complex Brain Hypothesis and why contentless awareness still shows high brain entropy August 2026

Every researcher covered on this site is indexed in the directory of consciousness researchers.